A job interview is often the decisive step on the way to a new job. It is an opportunity to introduce yourself personally to your potential employer and make a lasting impression. In this article, we explain how to best prepare for a job interview, which questions are frequently asked and how best to present yourself during the interview. We also provide useful tips on how to avoid typical mistakes and increase your chances of a successful application. Whether you are just starting out or an experienced professional - good preparation with our 11 golden rules for job interviews is the key to success.
The aim of a job interview is usually to get to know both the employer and the applicant better, in order to determine whether a mutually suitable collaboration is possible. The employer wants to find out whether the applicant has the necessary qualifications, skills and the right attitude to successfully fill the open position. On the other hand, the applicant is given the opportunity to learn more about the company, the tasks and the corporate culture in order to decide whether the position meets their professional and personal expectations.
It is extremely important that applicants set their own goal for the interview and work towards it. A clearly defined goal helps to strategically steer the interview and present yourself confidently and purposefully. Here are some reasons why setting your own goal is crucial:
Having your own goal and working towards it is therefore an essential part of a successful interview.
Comprehensive preparation for the job interview increases your chances of leaving a positive and lasting impression. Here are the most important points to look out for:
How do I know if the interview went well or not? By paying attention to these indicators, you can better assess how your interview went and continuously improve.
| Indicator | Explanation |
| Positive body language of the interviewer | Smile, nod and other signs of agreement and interest. |
| Open and relaxed posture. | |
| Interest and enthusiasm | The interviewer asks detailed questions about your experience and skills. |
| In-depth questions are asked about projects or tasks you have mentioned. | |
| Pleasant interview atmosphere | The interview flows smoothly and feels like a real dialog. |
| There is no tangible pressure or stress, and you feel comfortable. | |
| Longer Conversation | The conversation lasts longer than planned. This can be a sign that the interviewer wants to find out more about you. |
| Introduction of the company and department | The interviewer takes the time to talk in detail about the company, the department and the corporate culture. |
| You will be introduced to other team members or future colleagues. | |
| Discussion about next steps | The interviewer talks about the further course of the selection process and possible next steps. |
| Specific timeframes for feedback are given. | |
| Positive feedback | You receive direct or indirect positive feedback during or at the end of the interview. |
| Indicator | Explanation |
| Negative body language of the interviewer | The interviewer shows little interest, avoids eye contact or seems distracted. |
| There are few or no smiles and no approving gestures. | |
| Short and superficial questions | Only basic or superficial questions are asked without going into more detail about your answers. |
| The conversation seems like a series of standardized questions without any real interest. | |
| Interruptions and haste | The interview is frequently interrupted or cut short. |
| The interviewer seems to be in a hurry to end the interview. | |
| No discussion about the future | There is no discussion about the next steps in the selection process. |
| There is no mention of a timeframe for feedback or further interviews | |
| Little interest in your questions | The interviewer shows little interest in the questions you ask and only gives brief answers. |
| There are no detailed explanations to your questions. | |
| Critical or dismissive comments | You receive critical or negative comments about your answers or your résumé. |
| The interviewer seems skeptical or distant. | |
| Short interview duration | The interview ends much earlier than |
| There is no time for additional questions or discussion. |
In a job interview, it is important to be well-informed about the company. This shows your interest and commitment and helps you to give well-founded answers and questions. Here are the most important points you should know about the company:
Thorough research and knowledge of these aspects of the company will enable you to give informed answers in the interview, ask specific questions and make a lasting impression.
There are several sources that you can use to gather comprehensive information about a company. By using these different sources, you can gain a comprehensive picture of the company and be well-prepared for your interview. Here are some of the most important options:
| Type of source | Specific source | Explanation |
| Company website | About us | Read the sections "About us", "Our history", "Mission and vision", and "Company values". |
| Products and Services | Find out about the products and services we offer. | |
| Press Releases and News | View the latest news and press releases. | |
| Career page | Check the information on career opportunities, employee programs and training opportunities. | |
| Social Media | Follow the company profile to see recent posts, job openings and company news. | |
| Twitter and Facebook | Many companies share news, successes and important announcements here. | |
| Companies often use Instagram to provide insights into company culture and events. | ||
| Job portals and career websites | Glassdoor | Here you can find reviews and testimonials from employees, information on salaries and frequently asked interview questions. |
| Kununu | Offers similar information to Glassdoor, with a focus on German-speaking countries. | |
| Indeed | In addition to job offers, there are also company reviews and salary information. | |
| Press and news portals | Google News | Search for current news and articles about the company. |
| Business magazines | Websites of magazines such as "Forbes", "Fortune", "Handelsblatt" or "Wirtschaftswoche" often offer detailed reports and analyses. | |
| Industry reports and analyses | Market research companies | Websites of companies such as "Gartner", "IDC" or "Statista" offer industry reports and analyses that provide insights into the company's market position. |
| Trade journals and blogs | Read trade journals and blogs that specialize in the company's industry. | |
| Company reports | Annual reports | Many companies publish their annual or business reports on their website. These reports provide detailed information on the financial situation and future plans. |
| CSR reports | Corporate social responsibility reports can provide insights into a company's commitment to sustainability and social issues. | |
| Network and personal contacts | Xing and LinkedIn | Network with current or former employees of the company and ask about their experiences. |
| Alumni networks | Former colleagues or fellow students can provide valuable information and insights. | |
| Career fairs and networking events | Visit career fairs or industry events where the company is represented to speak directly with representatives. | |
| Credit reporting agencies | Creditreform, Dun & Bradstreet | These companies provide comprehensive financial and credit information, especially for larger companies. |
| Libraries and databases | University libraries | Many university libraries offer access to business databases and industry reports. |
| Public libraries | These often have subscriptions to business magazines and access to specialized databases. |
A job interview usually follows a structured procedure that allows both the employer and the applicant to exchange the necessary information. A well-structured job interview enables both sides to exchange the necessary information and make an informed decision. Here is a more detailed overview of the typical interview process:
The right outfit for a job interview plays a crucial role, as it has a significant influence on the first impression. The choice of clothing should be based on the industry, the company and the position. Here are some tips and recommendations for suitable outfits:
By choosing the right outfit, you show professionalism and respect towards the potential employer, which increases your chances of a successful application.
Being well-prepared for a job interview means not only preparing yourself mentally and in terms of content, but also making sure you have all the necessary documents and items with you. Such preparation will help you make a professional and well-organized impression and ensure that you have all the necessary information and materials at hand. Here is a list of things you should take with you to a job interview:
| Category | Object | Explanation |
| Application documents | Several copies of your résumé | Even if you have already submitted your résumé, it is a good idea to take several copies with you in case the interviewer does not have any to hand. |
| Copy of cover letter | Your cover letter can serve as a reference in case questions arise about your motivations or qualifications. | |
| References and certificates | Take relevant references, diplomas, training certificates or other proof of qualifications with you. | |
| Work samples/portfolio | If you work in a creative or technical field, work samples or a portfolio are helpful. | |
| Reference list | Contact details of references | A list of names, positions and contact details of former employers or other references who are willing to make positive statements about you. |
| Notepad and pen | Notepad | To jot down important points, questions or information during the interview. |
| Pen | A working pen is essential. | |
| Questions for the employer | List of questions | Prepare a list of thoughtful questions about the company, the position and the company culture that you can ask at the end of the interview. |
| ID card or passport | Proof of identity | Proof of identity is sometimes required to enter the company building. |
| Invitation letter or e-mail confirmation | Invitation to interview | Bring a copy of the invitation to interview with you, including details of the time, place and contact person. |
| Company research | Company research notes | Notes on important information about the company that you would like to mention or refer to in the interview. |
| Timetable or route description | Directions | A detailed route description or timetable for getting to the interview to ensure you arrive on time. |
| Small snack and water bottle | Food | A small snack and a water bottle can be helpful, especially if the interview takes longer or you have traveled a long way. |
| Bag or folder | Neat storage | A professional bag or folder to keep all your documents neat and organized. |
Punctuality is an absolute must at a job interview and plays a key role in making a positive first impression. Here are some reasons why punctuality is so important:
Why punctuality is important:
Punctuality at the interview is a simple but crucial aspect that can have a big impact on first impressions. It shows respect, reliability and professionalism - qualities that are valued in any job. With careful planning and preparation, you can ensure that you arrive on time and relaxed for your interview, creating the best conditions for a successful interview.
A conscious and strategic approach to your strengths and weaknesses in the interview can help you to make a positive and authentic impression. Prepare well, be honest and show that you are willing to work on your weaknesses and use your strengths in a targeted manner.
Following up on a job interview is an important step in making a lasting positive impression and increasing your chances of getting the job. Here are some steps and tips on how to follow up effectively:
Following up on a job interview is crucial to your overall impression and can significantly improve your chances of getting the job. Through careful reflection, a well-worded thank you email and a structured follow-up strategy, you will leave a professional and engaged impression. Use these steps to learn from each interview and continuously improve.
The employer may not ask for personal information such as marital status, child planning, religion, sexual orientation, political views, health problems or disabilities during the job interview, unless they are directly relevant to the performance of the job.
In the interview, you should not ask questions about salary, vacation days or other benefits before the company brings up the topic. Also avoid questions that speak negatively about your current or previous employer and personal questions that have nothing to do with the position or the company.
The self-presentation in the interview should last about two to five minutes.
Thank them for the invitation, confirm the appointment and look forward to the interview. For example: "Thank you for the invitation to the interview. I confirm the appointment on [date] at [time] and look forward to the interview."
You should prepare yourself intensively about a week in advance by thoroughly researching the company, practicing typical questions and thinking about your self-presentation.
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